Three ratios, one presale test, and the lender picks the one that hurts.
Every development facility is sized to the lower of loan-to-cost and loan-to-GRV, then gated by presale cover. The same project asks for a different equity cheque at each lender type. Knowing which ratio binds where is most of the job. Indicative market ranges, net of GST; your term sheet is the number.
The matrix, by lender type.
Eight tests, four lender types. Read down a column to see how one lender type builds a facility; read across a row to see where the same test moves.
| The test | Major bank | Non-bank senior | Private | Mezz · pref |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Loan-to-cost of total development cost | 60–75% | 70–80% stretch to 85% | 75–85% | stack to 85–90% |
| Loan-to-GRV as-if-complete, net GST | 60–65% | 65–70% some to 75% | 70–80% | — |
| Presale cover qualifying, % of debt | 100–120% easing to ~50% on metro | 0–50% | often nil, exit-led | — |
| Indicative rate senior, p.a. | ~5.5–7.5% | ~8.5–12% | ~10.75–14% | ~14–22% + profit share |
| Establishment | 0.75–1.5% | 1–2% | 1.5–3% | negotiated |
| Credit decision | 6–12 weeks | 2–6 weeks | 5–15 business days | with senior |
| Land bank of as-is value | rare | 40–55% | 40–65% | — |
| Residual stock of on-completion value | selectively back | 55–75% | 55–75% | — |
Ranges compiled Sep 2026 from published lender criteria and market guides (La Trobe Financial, Pallas Capital, Feasly, MPA, Ardent Capital, APRA correspondence Feb 2025). Indicative only; not an offer of finance. Australian Credit Licence 384704.
Eight recent deals, on one 31-day axis.
The pressure Sam walked into, the move he made, and the days from first read to settlement. Each row is a different rulebook chosen for a different reason.
Six deal types · one broker · zero handoffs.
The difference between a deal that gets a yes and a deal that dies at credit is usually one ratio, one contract clause or one lender chosen too early.
Construction finance
Ground-up residential and mixed-use. Sized to the lower of loan-to-cost and loan-to-GRV, drawn against QS-certified cost-to-complete, interest capitalised inside the limit. Duplex to 40 lots.
Land bank
Hold-and-develop. Pre-DA and DA-approved sites at roughly 40 to 55% of as-is value with 6 to 24 month runway, interest capitalised, and the refinance into construction agreed before the land settles.
Residual stock
Unsold stock at practical completion. Refinance the construction debt into a residual facility, commonly 55 to 75% of on-completion value, so you sell finished product at finished prices instead of at a bank's deadline.
Mezzanine + prefs
Second-ranking debt behind senior, on an intercreditor deed the senior lender will actually sign. Takes the cash equity a project needs from around 35% of cost toward 15 to 20%, and the developer's IRR up with it.
Bridging + rescues
Bank pulled the pin, or a settlement is due in 14 days. Short-term senior against as-is value with a documented exit into a longer facility, and the default rate, extension rights and long-stop read before you sign.
Complex stacks
Senior, mezz, preferred equity, JV partner. Several funders coordinated into one settlement: priority deed, intercreditor agreement, standstill, one drawdown schedule everyone has signed.
40+ lender relationships · priced daily.
Bank, tier-2, non-bank senior, private fund, mezzanine, family office. Sam knows which of the forty is sizing to GRV this month, who will still count a 10% deposit bond, who has no presale test under $5M, and whose credit committee just turned regional Queensland off. Not what the panel published last quarter.
Sam works it out in the first read.
Send the deal and the first read comes back inside four hours: the ratio that binds, the lender type that fits, the equity you will need on day one. Not a quote; a term sheet confirms.
4/51-55 Bulcock Street
Caloundra, Sunshine Coast
Queensland 4551
Mon-Fri · 7:00am, 6:00pm AEST
Deals reviewed same-day
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ACL 384704 · Finsure
CRN 474370
BWM Licensees Pty Ltd
ABN 84 602 422 668